To avoid confusing the reader who is unfamiliar with the British coinage of the time, I shall explain the value of various transactions as they occur in the text, until the reader becomes familiar with the terms. No attempt is made to translate the value of 19 th century British money into modern British or American terms. The only valid measure of poverty or affluence is the comparison of the cost of such necessities as housing, clothing and food with an individual’s earnings; and on this... Sign in to see full entry.